Instructions from Lord Sydney - Home Secretary to Captain Arthur Phillip - Sydney 1788
History Of Covict Colonial Settlement From the Beginnings Of The First Fleet In 1788 And Other Significant Parts Of "Old Sydney Town's" Heritage
Showing posts with label Governor Arthur Phillip. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Governor Arthur Phillip. Show all posts
Thursday, March 23, 2023
Saturday, November 13, 2021
GOVERNOR ARTHUR PHILLIP‘S INSTRUCTIONS FROM GEORGE III - Opened 7th February 1788
Governor Arthur Phillip's Instructions From King George III - Opened On the 7th February 1788
Governor Arthur Phillip's Instructions from King George III - Opened and read on the 7th February 1788.
On Thursday 7th February 1788, the day after the women were landedhad variable winds, the temp was 74 Degrees F and the Barometer 29.60
Mr Clark Got up early for the parade, which Arthur Bowes described in detail
"This Morning at 11 O'clock all who could leave the ships were summoned on shore, to hear the Governor's Commission read and also the Commissison Constituting the Court Of Judicature. The Marines were all under arms, and received the Governor with flying colours and a Band of music. He was accompanied but the Judge Advocate. Lieutenant Governor, Clergiman, Surveyor General, Surgeon General Etc. After taking off his hat and complimenting the Marine Officers, who had lowered their colours and paid that respect to him as Governor which he was entitled to, the Soldiers marched with music playing drums and pipes, and formed a circle around all of the convicts, men and women who were collected together. The convicts were all ordered to sit down on the ground; all gentlemen present were desired to come into the centre where stood the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Judge Advicate, Clergyman, Surgeon etc. A Cammp table was fixed before the, and 2 leather cases laid therin, containing the Commission etc which were opened and unsealed in the sight of all present, and read by the Judge Advocate (David Collins)
After reading his orders and Commissions "The Governor Harangued the convicts, telling them they had tried him hitherto to see how they were disposed. That he was now thoroughly convicned there were many amongst them incorrigable, and that he was persuaded nothing but severity would have any effect on the, to induce them to behave properly in future. He also assured them that if they attempted to get into the Women's tents of a night there were positive orders for firing upon them. that they were very idle. mot more than 200 our of 600 were at work, that the industrious should not labour for the idle. If they did not work, they should not eat. In England, thieving poultry was not punished with death, but here, where a loss of that kind could not be supplied, it was of the utmost consequence to the settlement, as well as every other species of stock, as they were preserved for breeding. Therefore stealing the most trifling article of stock or provisions should be punished with death. That, however such severity might mitifate against his humanity and feelings towards his fellow creatures, yet that Justice demanded such rigid execution of the laws and they might impolicitly rely upon justice taking place.
Their labour would not be equal of a husbanndman in England, who had his wife and family to provide for. They would never be worked beyond ther abiulities, but every individual should contribute his share to render himself and Community at large happy and comfortable as soon as the nature of the settlement will admir of them, They should be employed erecting houses for the different officers, next for the Marines and lastly for themselves. After this Harangue they were dismissed in the same form as they were assembled.. After which the Governor retired to a cold collation under the large tent erected for that purpose to which the General officers only were invited and not the least attention whatever was paid to any other person who came out from England. The Masters of the different ships paid him the compliment of attending on shore during the reading of the Commission, which they werre not under any obligation to do, notwithstanding there was no more notice taken of them or even to provide the slightest accommodation for them than the convicts themselves.
Lt Clarks Account Of The Day was of a more Material Nature - 'All The officers Dined with him on a cold Collation, but the mutton which had been killed yesterday morning was full of maggots. Nothing will keep 24 hours in this country I Find.
DOCUMENT PAGE 1
Instructions for a trusty George R and well beloved Arthur Phillip Esq our Captain General and governor in chief in and over our territory of New South Wales and its dependencies or to the lieutenant-governor or commander in chief of the said territory for the time being. Given that our court at Saint James 25 April 1787 in the 27th year of our reign
With these are instructions you will receive a commission under our great seal constituting an appointing you to be a captain general and governor in chief of our territory called New South Wales.
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extending from the northern Cape or extremity of the coast called Cape York in the latitude of 10° 37 minutes south, to the southern extremity of the said territory of New South Wales, or South Cape, in the latitude of 43° 39 minutes south, and all the country inland to the Westward as far as the 135th° of East longitude, reckoning from the Meridian of Greenwich, including all the islands adjacent in the Pacific ocean within the latitudes aforesaid of 10° 37 minutes south, and 43° 39 minutes south, and of all towns, garrisons, castles, forts, and all other fortifications, or other military works which may be here after erected upon the said territory or any of the said islands, with directions to Obey such orders and instructions as shall from time to time be given to you under our signet and sign manual, or by our order in our pretty council – you are therefore to fit yourself with all convenience speed and to hold
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Hold yourself in readiness to repair to your said command, and being arrived, to take upon the execution of the ((place and)) trust we have put in you and as soon as conveniently may be able with all due solemnity to cause Our said commission under our great seal of Great Britain constituting you our governor and commander in chief as aforesaid, should be read and published,
and whereas have ordered that about 600 mail, and 180 female convicts, now under sentence or order of Transportation, whose names are contained in the list hereunto annexed should be removed out the Gaols and other places of confinement in this our kingdom, and we put on board of the several transport ships which have been taken up for their reception. It is our Royal will and pleasure that as soon as the said convicts, the several persons composing the civic establishments and the stores, provisions etc provided for their use shall be embarked on board to supply Tendor, and the transport ships
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Alexander
Scarborough
Lady Penrhyn
Friendship
Charlotte
Prince Of Wales
Golden Grove
Fishburn
Ships named in the margin, and be in readiness to depart, that you do take them under your protection and proceed in the serious With The said Tinder and transport to the port on the coast of New South Wales, situated in the latitude of 33° 41 minutes, called them by the name of Botany Bay, agreeably to the instructions with which you will be furnished by the Commissioner of are add multi, in pursuance of our Royal commands already signified to
And where as it may happen upon your passage to New South Wales, that you may find it necessary and expedient to call with the ships and vessels under your current convoy at the island of Teneriffe, at the Rio de Janeiro, and also at the Cape of Good Hope, for supplies of water, and other refreshments for the voyage.
It is our father will and pleasure, that you do, upon your arrival at the former of, those places, take on board any of the ships on of the convoy which you may think
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I think proper, such quantities of wine as may be requisite for the supply of the said settlement, according to the instructions with which the commiserate of stores and provisions will be furnished by the commissioners of our Treasury, taking care that the quantities purchased do not exceed the proportions to be issued to the several persons composing to set a settlement entitled there to, agreeably to decide instructions, for the time to which they have confined the supply of that article, and for the amount of such purchases, you will direct the commiserate to draw bills of exchange upon them properly certified by you, or a lieutenant-governor of the said intended settlement, with the other usual artist stations, that the same has been obtained at the most reasonable rates, transmitting at the same time In Account they’re off to them in order that you may be released from any impress Any such purchases might occasion.
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any such purchases might occasion.
Not with standing there is already a considerable quantity of corn and other seed, grain put on board the ships of the convoy, most likely probably more than maybe immediately necessary for the raising supplies for the settlement; we are disposed to guard as much as possible against accidents, which may happen, for injuries, which these articles must’ve sustained during the passage;
It is therefore a further willing pleasure that you do upon your arrival, at any of the places you may have occasion to touch that, endeavour to obtain such further quantities of seed and grain, as you may think of requisite for the tillage of the land, at the place of your destination; and also that you do you take on board any Number of black cattle, sheep, goats or hogs, which you can procure and the ships of the convoy can contain, in order to propagate the breed
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Breed of these animals for the general benefit of the intended settlement, causing the commiserate of stores and provisions to draw bills for the same as in before directed for such supplies, as Wellers for any fresh provisions which it may be requisite to procure for the use of the Marines were convicts, at those places, and transmitting information to the commissioners of our Treasury such proceedings
And where as it is intended that several of the transport ships and visualise which are to accompany you to New South Wales, should be employed in bringing home cargoes of tea, and other merchandise, from China, for the use of the East India company – provided they can arrive at Canton, on or before 1 January 1788 in due time whereby a very considerable saving would rise to the public in the freight of those vessels; it is Avril will and pleasure, that upon your arrival at botany Bay, on the side coast of New South Wales, you do cause every possible exertion to be made
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Made use of four disembark in the offices in composing a civil and Military establishments, together with the convicts, stores, provisions etc and having so done you watch a discharge all the said transports or visualise, in order that such of them as maybe engaged by the East India company may proceed to China, and that the rest may return home, you will however take care, before they said transport ships are discharged, to obtain an assignment to you All Yours the governor in chief for the time being, from the masters of them, of the servitude of the several convicts, for the remainder of the times or terms specified in there several sentences orders of Transportation.
Made use of four disembarking the offices and men composing a civil and military establishments, together with the convicts, stores, provisions etc and having so done you a discharge all the said transports or visual is, in order that such of them as maybe engaged by the East India company may proceed to China, and that the rest may return home, you will however take care, before the said transport ships are discharged, to obtain an assignment to you or you’re the governor and chief for the time being, from the masters of them, of the servitude of the several convicts, for the remainder of the times or terms specified in there several sentences or orders of transportation.
According to the best information which we have obtained, botany Bay appears to be the most eligible situation upon the Central Coast for the first establishment, possessing a Commodious harbour and other advantages which no
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No part of the coast here there to discovered a forwards. It is therefore I will and pleasure that you do immediately upon your landing after taking measures for securing yourself and the people who accompany you, as much as possible from any attacks or interruptions of the natives of that country, as well as for the preservation and safety of the public stores, proceed to the cultivation of land, distributing the convicts for that purpose in such manner, and under such inspectors or overseers and under such regulations as may appear to you to be necessary and best calculated for procuring supplies of grain and ground provisions.
No part of the coast here there to discovered a forwards. It is therefore I will and pleasure that you do immediately upon your landing after taking measures for securing yourself and the people who accompany you, as much as possible from any attacks or interruptions of the natives of that country, as well as for the preservation and safety of the public stores, proceed to the cultivation of land, distributing the convicts for that purpose in such manner, and under such inspectors or overseers and under such regulations as may appear to you to be necessary and best calculated for procuring supplies of grain and ground provisions.
The assortment of tools and utensils which have been provided for the use of the convicts and other persons who are to compose the intended settlement, are to be distributed according to your discretion, and according to the employment, assigned to several persons. In the distribution however, you will use Every proper
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Proper degree of economy, be careful that the commiserate you transmit an account of the issues from time to time to the commissioners of our Treasury, to enable them to judge of the propriety or expediency of granting further supplies.
Proper degree of economy, be careful that the commissioner do transmit an account of the issues from time to time to the commissioners are Treasury, to enable them to judge of the propriety or expediency of granting further supplies.
The closing of the convicts and the provisions issued to them, and the civil and military establishments must be accounted for in the same manner.
And where is the commissioners of Admiralty have appointed captain Hunter to repair on board the HMS serious to assist you in the execution of your duty, and you take the command of the ship whenever you make the occasion to touch her from the settlement, and also to station to supply tender under your orders, and to be assisting to you upon occasional services after your arrival.
And where it is at Royal intention that measures should be taken in addition to those which are specified in the article of these are instructions for obtaining
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Obtaining supplies of livestock, and having an consequences of such intention court, cause the quantity of arms and other articles and merchandise to be provided, and sent out in the ships Under your convoy, in order to barter with the natives either on the territory of New South Wales, all the islands adjacent in the seas, who found their ignorance of the value of such articles,
under your convoy, in order to barter with the natives either on the territory of New South Wales, or the islands adjacent in those seas, who found the ignorance of the value of for such articles,
It is I will and pleasure that is soon as either of these vessels can be spared with the safety from the settlements that you do to touch one or both of them from that purpose, can finding their intercourse as much as possible to such parts as are not in the possession or under the jurisdiction of other European powers,
The increase of stock of animals, must depend on Tiley up on the measures you may adopt on the outset for their preservation, and as a settlement will be amply supplied with vegetable production in most likely with fish, fresh provisions, excepting for the sick and the convalescence may in a great degree
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Degree be dispensed with; for these reasons it will become you to be extremely cautious in permitting any cattle, sheep, hogs etc intended for propagating the breed of such animals being to be slaughtered, until a competent stock maybe acquired to admit of your supplying the settlement from it with animal food without having further request you to places from whence such stock may have originally been obtained.
Degree be dispensed with; for these reasons it will become you to be extremely cautious in permitting any cattle, sheep, hogs etc intended for propagating the breed of such animals being to be slaughtered, until a competent stock may be acquired to admit of your supplying the settlement from it with animal food without having further request to the places from once such stock may have originally been obtained.
It is always a pleasure that the productions of all descriptions acquired by the labour of the convex it is our will and pleasure it shall be considered as public stock and which we so far leave to your disposal, that such parts there of is maybe requisite for the substance of the said convicts and their families, or the substance of the civil and military establishment of the settlement may be applied by you to that use. The remainder of such reductions you will reserve as a provision
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Provisions for a further number of convicts which you may expect will shortly follow you from hence, to be employed under your direction in the manner pointed out in those these are instructions to you.
Provisions for a further number of convicts which you may expect will shortly follow you from hence, should be employed under your direction in the manner pointed out in those these are instructions to you.
From the natural increase of corn and other vegetable food from the common industry after the ground has been once cultivated, as well as of animals, it cannot be expedient that all of the convicts which company are you, should be employed in attending only to the object of provisions.
And as it has been humbly represented up until us the advantages maybe derived from the flax plant which is found in the islands not far distance from the intended settlement, not only as a means of acquiring clothing for the convicts and other persons who may become settlers, but from its superior excellence for a variety of Maritime purposes and as it may ultimately may become an article of export..
It is therefore able and pleasure that you do you particularly attend to its cultivation
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Cultivation, and that you do you send home by every opportunity which may affect, samples of that article, in order that the judgement may be formed whether it may not be necessary to instruct your further upon this subject.
Cultivation, and that you do you send home by every opportunity which may affect, samples of that article, in order that the judgement may be formed whether it may not be necessary to instruct you further upon this subject.
And where as we are desirous that some further information should be obtained of the several ports or Harbours upon the coast and the islands contagious there two within the limits of your government; you are, whenever the serious or the supply tender, can conveniently be spared, to send one, or both of them, upon that service. Norfolk Island situated in the latitude and longitude East from Glenn it’s about being represented as a spot which may hear after become useful; you are, as soon as circumstances will admit of it, you send a small establishment do to secure the same to us, and prevent its being occupied by the subjects of any other European power, and you will cause any remarks Or observations which you obtaining consequence of
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Of this instruction to be transmitted to our principal secretary of state for plantation affairs for our information.
Of this instruction to be transmitted to our principal secretary of state for plantation affairs for our information.
And where is it may happen, when the settlement should be brought into some state of regulation, that the service of the serious may not be necessary at the said settlement; and as we are desirous to diminish as much as possible the expenses which the intended establishment occasion; you will, whenever the service of the said ship can be dispensed with, and or Captain Hunter to return with to England; and as from such an arrangement, the emolument‘s of your station will be diminished, it is our royal intention, that the same shall be made good to you by the bills to be drawn by you upon the commissioners of our Treasury.
You are twins ever buy every possible means to open an intercourse with the savages and natives and to conciliate their affections, enjoying all are subject to live in and Amity and kindness with them.
AndDo you want to endeavour by every possible means to open an intercourse with the savages natives and to conciliate their affections, enjoying all our subjects to live in and Amity and kindness with them.
And if any of the subjects I want only destroy them, or give them any unnecessary interruption in the exercise of the
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There are several occupations. It is always a pleasure that you do cause such offenders to be brought to punishment according to the Greer of the offence. You will endeavour to procure an account of the numbers inhabiting the neighbourhood of the intended settlement and report your opinion to one of our Secretary of State in what manner are intercourse with these people maybe turn to the advantage of this country
((And where is it is a royal intention that all persons who may here after inhabit I said territory of New South Wales, or islands adjacent within your government should have for liberty of conscience and the free exercise at all such most religious worship as a not prohibited by law, we do there for him I require you to permit or persons within your said government to have such liberty,, and to exercise such most religious worship as a not prohibited by law, provided they be contented with a quiet and peaceful enjoyment
And where is it is a royal intention that all persons who may hear after inhabit acid territory of New South Wales, or islands adjacent within your government should have full liberty of conscience and the free exercise at all such most religious worship as a not prohibited by law, we do therefore here by require you to permit or persons within your said government to have such liberty,, and to exercise such most religious worship as a not prohibited by law, provided they be contented with a quiet and peaceful enjoyment)))
And it is further arrival and pleasure that you do by all proper methods in force that you observance of religious in good order among all the inhabitants of the new settlement
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Enjoyment of the same, not giving offence or scandal to Government.
ItEnjoyment of the same, not giving offence or scandal to government.
It is our will and pleasure that you do cause the laws against bless me, providing this, adultery, fornication, polygamy, incest, profit nation of the Lord’s day, swearing and drunkenness to be reduced rigourously executed and that you do take due care for the punishment of the aforementioned vices by presentment upon oath to be made to the Justice of the peace at the session by the constables or other inferior offices, and for the further this encouragement advice and promotion of virtue and good morals, you are not with me any person to act as a Justice of the peace who’s your fame or conversation make Asian scandal, and especially shall take care that the Lord‘s debut devoutly and Julie observed that the book of common prayer as by law established in this kingdom we read each Sunday and holy day, and the Blessid sacrament to be administered, according to The rights of the church of England.
AndThe rights of the church of England.
And any Orthodox minister already appointed to
And that you so take such steps for the one celebration of public worship is for circumstances will commit
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To that settlement, or here after to be appointed shall appear to give scandal either by his department or manners, or if any person not being in orders shell preacher administer the holy sacrament in any orthodox church or chapel, you shall given it in an account there of to the Lord Bishop of London.
And you have to take the special care that the table and marriages established by the cannons of the Church of England be hung up in every orthodox church or chapel, and visually observed, and also to transmit,,,, and account of such deaths, marriages, and birth as my take place within your said government, but every opportunity which office to our secretary of state for plantation affairs.
And you have to take the special care that the table and marriages established by the cannons of the Church of England to be hung up in every Orthodox church or chapel, and visually observed, and also to transmit,,,, and account of such deaths, marriages, and births as they take place within your said government, but every opportunity which office to a secretary of state for plantation affairs.
And where is from the greatest proportion of female convicts, those of the males, who are put under your superintendents, it appears advisable and necessary not only for the preservation of decency in good order, but for attending to domestic exercises the further number of the latter should be introduced into the new settlements
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Intended settlement;
You areIntended settlement;
You are, whenever the serious or the trade or shall touch it any of the islands in the seas, to instruct in the commanders to take on board any of the women who may be disposed to accompany them to the side settlements; you will however take special care, that the offices who may happen to be employed upon the service, do not upon any account, exercise any compulsive measures, or make use of Filicious pretenses for bringing away any of the side women from the places of their present residence.
If any of these women shell there here after arrive at the intended settlement, you will exert every means to prevent their living in common with the convicts, hold out every indulgence which it may be in your power to grant, to promote matrimonial connection, which must appoint mini account to be productive of great advantage to the settlement, as Wellers to the interests and happiness of individuals.
And where as we have our commission bearing date given
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Given a grant it on to you other acknowledgements what’s the weather for power and authority to emancipate and discharge from their servitude, any of the convicts and your superintendents, Michelle from the good conduct and the disposition of two industry, be deserving of favour,
It is our will and pleasure in every such case you do issue your warrant to every such to the surveyor of lands person as you may think confident to the discharge of that trust and make surveys of, and mark out in lots such lands upon the said territory as maybe necessary for their use; and when that shall be done, that you do pass grants there of with all convenient speak to any of the said convict so emancipated, in such proportions, and under such conditions and acknowledgements, I shall here after be specified.
Vista every mail shall be granted, 30 acres of land, in case you shall be married, 20 acres more, and for every child who may be with them at the settlement, at the time of making the said grant, a further quantity of 10 acres, free of all fees, taxes, quit rents, or, for the space of 10 years
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Space of 10 years, provided that the person to whom the said land Shelby been granted, she resides within the same, and proceed to the cultivation improvement there of. Resigning resigning only to us such timber is maybe growing, or to grow here after, upon the said land, which may be fit for naval purposes, and an annual quit rent of bushel of weight after the expiration of the term of time before mentioned.
YouSpace of 10 years, provided that the person to whom the said land Shelby been granted, shall reside within the same, and proceed to the cultivation improvement there of. Resigning preserving only to us such timber is maybe growing, up to grow here after, upon the said land, which may be fit for naval purposes, and an annual quit rent of bushel of weight after the expiration of the term of time before mentioned.
You will cause copies of such grants as maybe past to be preserved, and make a regular return to the said grants to the commissioners of our Treasury and the Lord’s of the committee of our privy council for trade and plantations.
and where as it is likely to happen at the convicts, who may, after their emancipation, in consequence of this instruction, be put in possession of land, will not have the means of proceedings to they cultivation without the public aid; it is always a pleasure that you do cause every such a person you may so emancipate, to be supplied with such a quantity of present provisions as may be sufficient, for the subsistence of himself and also left his family for 12 months together with and sort of tools and utensils
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Assortment of tools and utensils, and such a proportion of seed grain, cattle, sheep, hogs etc as maybe proper, and be spread from the general stock of settlement.
Assortment of tools and utensils, and such a proportion of seed grain, cattle, sheep, hogs etc as maybe proper, and be spread from the general stock of settlements.
And where as many of the subjects, employed upon military service, at the said settlement, and others who may resort Caesar upon their private occupations, my hereafter be desirous of proceedings to the cultivation improvements of land, and as we are dispersed to afford them every reasonable encouragement and such an undertaking undertaking, it is a will and pleasure that you do with all convenience speed transmitter report to the actual state and quality of the soil at the new year and the said intend on settlement, the probable and most effectual means of improving and cultivating the same and in what manner it can be best done and of the mode and upon what terms and conditions according to the best of your judgements to settle and should be granted, that proper instructions and authorities may be given to you for that purpose and
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And where as it is our role intention that every sort of intercourse between the intended settlement to botany Bay, or other places which may be here after – established on the coast of New South Wales, and it’s dependencies, and the settlements of a rest India company, as well as the coast of China, and the island situated in that part of the world, in which any intercourse has been established by any European nation, should be prevented by every possible means;
It is a problem pleasure that you do not upon any account a little craft of any sort to be built for the use of private individuals, which might enable them to affect such intercourse, and that you do prevent any vessels which may at any time here after arrive to said settlement from any of the ports before mentioned, from having communication with any of the inhabitants residing within your government
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Government, without first receiving a special permission from you for that purpose
YouGovernment, without first receiving a special permission from you for that purpose
GR
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April 20, 1787
Saturday, January 2, 2021
Sodomy In The South Pacific - Sodomy In The Colony Of New South Wales
SODOMY IN THE PENAL COLONY OF NEW SOUTH WALES
- THE AISLE OF SODOM
- SODOMY IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC
The convict stain
The First Officially Recorded Incidence Occurred 60yrs Before European Settlement in 1727. The Dutch Ship Zeewijk. . . Off The Coast Of Western Australia.
Captain Arthur Phillip
"There Are Two Crimes That Would Merit Death - Murder & Sodomy"
The First Trial For Sodomy Took Place In 1796, With The Accused Francis Wilkinson Was Acquitted.
The First Person Hanged Was Alexander Brown In 1828.
1839 - Camping By A Billabong
In 1828 Samuel Cox Was Sentanced To Death
Tasmanian Executions
Heindrick Whitmalder - in Hobart
Dennis Collins In Launceston in 1863
Robert Hughes - the Fatal Shore
1803 - georgette lee -the Portland.
Thursday, November 26, 2020
Museum Of Sydney - Phillip Street - Site Of Original Government House
Museum Of Sydney - Phillip Street - Site Of Original Government House
I Remember Back In 2017 The Families Of The Fire Fleeters Put The Money Together To Get This Statue Of Captain Arthur Phillip R.N Commissioned And Was Finally Place In The Courtyard On The Corner Of Phillip And Bligh Street Which Is The Original Site Of The First Government House In Australia.
I Stopped Back On The Corner Of Bligh Street And Phillip Street, The Site Of The First Government House. These Are The Totem Poles Of The Eora Tribe Which Has Since Died Out In The Sydney Basin Region.
Sydney’s first government house was built in 1789 for Governor Arthur Phillip.
In November 1789, two aboriginal man, Bendalong and Colby, we captured at Manly under Phillips orders and we held at government house.
After they escaped, Binalong maintain cordial ties with Phillip. He often dying to government house with his wife Barangaroo and a number of aboriginal people were buried within the gardens at his best.
In 1995 the Museum of Sydney opened on the site. A forest of pillars made of timber, stone and steel stands adjacent to the museum entrance.
This installation by Janet Lawrence and Fiona Foley, edge of the trees, symbolises the interaction between aboriginal and non-aboriginal people at this important side of early contact
Friday, March 13, 2020
The Tank Stream - Sydney
When Arthur Phillip First Saw What Is Now Circular Quay & The Freshwater Estaury That Ran Into The Quay, He Must’ve Sighed One Of The Biggest Sighs OfRelief, After Being Let Down With What He’d Been Told About Botany Bay, & That The Land Was Fertile.
Arthur Phillip was left with no choice once the first fleet arrived in botany Bay, he was left with no choice but to get in a smaller boat & search the heads & that’s for being presented to them and Port Jackson which had been marked on Captain Cook‘s map from 1774
The Watercourse Named The Tank Stream Was An Important Source Of Fresh Water For Aboriginal People Before European Settlement. As The 19th Century Progressed & The Population Of Sydney Grew, The Tank Stream Was First Polluted & Then Channeled & Diverted Underground Into A Series Of Drains & Pipes.
Fifty Four Worked Stone Artefcts Were Discovered In 1996 During Excavations For The Construction Of The City Recital Hall At Angel Place Which Was Built Above A Section Of The Tank Stream.
This Discovery Shows That The Aboriginal People
The Tank Stream is an underground watercourse located in the central business district of Sydney, Australia. It holds historical significance as one of the earliest sources of freshwater for the European settlers who established the colony. Here's an overview of the history of the Tank Stream:
Aboriginal Use: Before European settlement, the Tank Stream was known to the local Aboriginal people, specifically the Gadigal people of the Eora Nation. They used the stream as a source of freshwater and likely guided early European explorers to its location.
European Settlement: When the First Fleet arrived in Sydney Cove in 1788, led by Captain Arthur Phillip, they faced challenges in finding a reliable freshwater source. The Tank Stream was discovered and identified as a potential water supply due to its relatively consistent flow.
Water Supply for the Colony: The Tank Stream played a critical role in providing freshwater to the early colony. Settlers built simple wooden tanks and channels to collect and distribute water from the stream to meet their needs. The tanks gave the stream its name.
Growing Population and Pollution: As the colony grew, the demand for water increased. However, the increasing population also led to pollution of the watercourse. Human waste, industrial runoff, and other pollutants contaminated the stream, making the water less suitable for consumption.
Decline and Superseding: Over time, the Tank Stream's water quality deteriorated further, and it became inadequate to meet the needs of Sydney's growing population. The stream's role as a primary water source gradually diminished.
Urban Development: The growth of Sydney's urban landscape led to the stream being covered and built over to make way for streets, buildings, and infrastructure. The stream was progressively enclosed in underground culverts.
Rediscovery and Heritage Recognition: Despite being hidden beneath the city's surface, the historical significance of the Tank Stream was not forgotten. In the late 20th century, efforts were made to recognize and preserve the heritage of the Tank Stream. Signage, plaques, and historical markers were installed to remind Sydneysiders and visitors of the stream's importance.
Today: While the Tank Stream's water no longer flows as it once did, it remains an important historical symbol of Sydney's early days. The stream's legacy is preserved through heritage initiatives, education, and the acknowledgment of its contribution to the development of the city.
Visitors to Sydney can learn about the history of the Tank Stream through interpretive displays, plaques, and historical walks that highlight its significance in the context of the city's growth and evolution.
Saturday, February 8, 2020
ARTHUR PHILLIPS INSTRUCTIONS - February 7th 1788
ARTHUR PHILLIPS INSTRUCTIONS
On the 7th of February 1788, Governor Arthur Phillip, the first Governor of the colony of New South Wales, issued a set of instructions known as the "Phillip's Instructions." These instructions were a comprehensive set of guidelines and orders that outlined the governance and administration of the newly established British colony in Australia.
The instructions covered a wide range of aspects related to the management of the colony, including:
1. Government Structure: The instructions established a system of governance that vested ultimate authority in Governor Phillip. He was given the power to make laws, appoint officers, and establish courts.
2. Relations with Indigenous People: The instructions emphasized the need for respectful relations with the Indigenous inhabitants of the land. Governor Phillip was instructed to seek a peaceful coexistence with the Aboriginal people, to treat them justly and fairly, and to avoid any acts of hostility.
3. Land Ownership and Settlement: The instructions outlined the process for acquiring and distributing land within the colony. Governor Phillip was instructed to allocate land for the use of the settlers and to ensure that proper records were maintained.
4. Criminal Justice System: The instructions provided guidance on the establishment of a legal system. Governor Phillip was directed to ensure the enforcement of laws, the establishment of courts, and the administration of justice in the colony.
5. Trade and Commerce: The instructions outlined the regulation of trade and commerce within the colony. Governor Phillip was instructed to encourage agriculture, industry, and trade to promote the economic development of the settlement.
6. Morality and Discipline: The instructions stressed the importance of maintaining order and discipline within the colony. Governor Phillip was instructed to enforce morality, prevent vice and immorality, and ensure the proper behavior of the settlers.
Governor Arthur Phillip's instructions played a crucial role in establishing the foundations of governance and administration in the early days of the colony. They provided guidance and authority to the governor and set the tone for the development of the settlement. These instructions formed the basis for the early legal and administrative framework of New South Wales and laid the groundwork for the establishment of subsequent institutions and systems of government.
Arthur Phillip’s Instructions - February 7th 1788
George The third; by the grace of God; king of Great Britain France and Ireland,; defender of the faith
To Our Trusty; & Well Beloved Arthur Phillip Esq.
We; Eposing Especial Trust And Confidence In The Prudence, Courage & Loyalty Of You;
The Said Arthur Phillip;
Of Our Special Grace
Have Thought Fit To Constitute & Appoint You To be Our Governor General And Commander In Chief;
In And Over; Our Territory Called New South Wales
Extending From The Northern Cape; Called Cape York; In Latitude 10 Degrees 37 Minutes To The Southern Extrmity In Latitude 43 degrees 39 Minutes South;
And All The Country Westward; To The 135th Degree of East Longtitude; \
Including All The Islands Adjacent In The Pacific Ocean;
Within The Latitude Name.
Our Will And Pleasure Is That You Take The Oath For the Office And Trust Of Our Governor General And Commander in Chief For The Due And Impartial Administration Of Justice
& We Do Hereby Authorise & Empower You To Keep And Use The Public Seal; For Sealing All Things Whatsoever, That Shall Pass The Great Seal Of Our Said Territory New South Wales, And Its Dependancies;
We Further Give & Grant Unto You Full Power & Authority To Administer & Give Oaths; To Any Such Person; Or Persons As You Shall See Fit
To
To Constitute & Appoint Justices Of The Peace, Coroners, Constables And Other Such Necessary Officers For The Better Admnistration Of Justice
To
To Pardon Offences; To Remit Fines & Forfeitures;
To Levy; Arm; Muster; Command; & Employ All Persons Whatsoever for The Resisting Of All Enemies; Pirates & Rebels; Both At Sea & Land
To Execute Martial Law In Times Of Invasion;
& At Other Times; When By Law It May Be Executed.
To Erect Raise & Build So Many Forts & Platforms, Castles, Cities, Burroughs, Towns & Fortifications As You Shall Judge Necessary
To Constitute & Appoint Captains; Liuetenants, Master's Of Ships & Other Commanders & Officers;
To Punish Convicts & Execute Offenders At Sea; Or During Time of Abode At Ports; Harbours And Bays
We Likewise Give & Grant You Full Power to Grant Land, To Control Commerce, & To Appoint Fair Marts & Markets.
& We Require & Command; All Members, Both Civil & Military; & All Other Inhabitants To Be Obedient, Aiding & Assisting To You; The Said Arthur Phillip; And In Case Of Your Death Or Absense Out Of The Said Territory; To be Obedient; Aiding And Assisting To Such Person That Shall Be Appointed By Us To Be Liuetenant Governor Or Commander In Chief.
Witnnessed Ourselves At Westminister On The 2nd Day Of April In The 27th Year Of Our Reign
Wednesday, January 29, 2020
Governor Arthur Phillip's Canvas House - Bridge Street, In Front Of The Departrment Of Lands
Governor Arthur Phillip's Canvas House - Bridge Street, In Front Of The Departrment Of Lands
In This Vicinity was erected the canvas house brought in frames from England to serve as Governor Arthur Phillip's Temporary home. Carpenters commenced work on it from January 29th 1788, And The Governor went into Residence On February 18th 1788
Governor Arthur Phillip Lived On the Warship Sirius Until the 18th February 1788
"When He Left The Sirius And Took Up Residence On Shore"
Before Leaving London The Governor Had Ordered, At A Cost Of 125 Pounds From Smith Of St George's Fields, A Canvas House To Be Erected On Numbered Frames And Used As A Temporary Residence
David Collins, Judge Advocate, Wrote In The Account Of The English Colony
"A Portable Canvas House, Brought Over For The Governor, Was Erected On The East Side Of the Cove... .WhereAlso A Small Body Of Convicts Was Put Under Tents. The Detatchment Of Marines Was Encamped At The Head Of The Cove Near The Stream, And On The West Side Was Placed The Main Body Of Convicts."
This Government House Was Built Where, Governor Phillip Wrote
"Ships Can Anchor Close To Shore. At A Very Small Expense Quays May Be Constructed At Which The Largest Vessels May Unload. The Cove Is About A Half Mile In Length, And A Quarter Of A Mile Across The Entrance. "
Governor Arthur Phillip, In Honour of Lord Sydney,
"Distinguished It By The Name Of Sydney Cove"
Lord Sydney Was Was Secretary Of The Home Department, And The Governor's Immediate Superior.
David Collins Wrote -
"The Spot Chosen, Was At The Head Of The Cove, Near The Run Of Fresh Water, Which Stole Silently Along Through A Very Thick Wood, The Stillness Of Which Had Then, For The First Time Since Creation, Been Interrupted By The Rude Sound Of The Labourer's Axe, And A Downfall of Its Ancient Inhabitants - A Stillness And Tranquility Which From That Day Were To Give Place To The Voice Of Labour, the Confusion Of Camps And Towns....."
Thursday, May 28, 2015
First Government House - Bridge Street & Phillip Street - NSW
First Government House
Bridge Street And Phillip Street South Western Corner
33° 51’49”S
151° 12’ 41”E
This Historic Copper Pate Is Now In The Dixson Gallery, Sydney
33° 51’49”S
151° 12’ 41”E
Where The Museum Of Sydneyis Now, Is Where The Frst And Original Government
House Stood....
It's The House That Governor Bligh Was Supposedly Hiding Under the Bed When a The Red coats Of The New South Wales Army Corp Were Going to Put Him
under House Arrest.
Construction Of The First Government House Was Commenced On This Site On May 15 1788, And Governor Phillip Moved In Shortly Before June 4th 1789. It Was The Residence Of All Governors Until 1845
Captain Collins Worte That A Gang If Labourers Was Put
under The Direction Of A Stonemason, And On The 15th May The First Stone Of The Building Intended For The Residence Of The Governor Until Government House Could Be Erected Was Laid On The East Side Of The Cove.
On the 7th March 1899 Robert John McCann, While Excavating A Telegraph Tunnel, Discovetrd The Cornerstone Of The Building
Said McCann " I Came Across 2 Flat Stones, One On Top Of Another, And On Clearing The Earth I Saw A Piece Of Copper Lying Between Them, I Took Care Not To Injure The Copper Plate, Because I Thought It May Be Of Some value, As There Was Writing On It. It's Only Blemish When Found 111 Years After Its Embedment Was Discoloration From Dampness And A Hole
made With A Workman's PickAxe"
This Historic Copper Pate Is Now In The Dixson Gallery, Sydney
The First Government House Was Completed On The 4th June 1789, In Time To Celebrate The Birthday of Goerge III. Governor Phillip Threw AParty There In Honour Of His Illustrious Master.
The Buiding In Bridge Street, About The Corner Of Phillip Street Stood About 56 Feet AboveThe High Water Mark. There "By Sinking A Well About Fifteen Feet In The Rock, An Excellent Sprring Of pure Water" Was Obtained.
The House Included Australia’s First Staircase
It is 170ft Long And 40 And A Half Feet High. The Ballroom
Measures 150 Ft In Length And 28Ft Width.
The Present Government House Stands In A Portion Of The Domain, On The Shores of Farm Cove, And Was First Occupied By Governor Gipps in 1845. Joseph Fowles, In Sydney 1848 Described It As An Elegant Sandstone Ediface In Tudor Gothic"
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